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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the use of benchmarks in computing. For other uses, see <a href="Benchmark_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Benchmark (disambiguation)">Benchmark</a>.</div>

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<p> In <a href="Computing" title="Computing">computing</a>, a <b>benchmark</b> is the act of running a <a href="Computer_program" title="Computer program">computer program</a>, a set of programs, or other operations, in order to assess the relative <a href="Computer_performance" title="Computer performance">performance</a> of an object, normally by running a number of standard <a href="Software_performance_testing" title="Software performance testing">tests</a> and trials against it.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The term <i>benchmark</i> is also commonly utilized for the purposes of elaborately designed benchmarking programs themselves.

</p><p>Benchmarking is usually associated with assessing performance characteristics of <a href="Computer_hardware" title="Computer hardware">computer hardware</a>, for example, the <a href="Floating_point_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Floating point operation">floating point operation</a> performance of a <a href="Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">CPU</a>, but there are circumstances when the technique is also applicable to <a href="Software" title="Software">software</a>. Software benchmarks are, for example, run against <a href="Compiler" title="Compiler">compilers</a> or <a href="Database_management_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Database management system">database management systems</a> (DBMS).

</p><p>Benchmarks provide a method of comparing the performance of various subsystems across different chip/system <a href="Computer_architecture" title="Computer architecture">architectures</a>. Benchmarking as a part of <a href="Continuous_integration" title="Continuous integration">continuous integration</a> is called Continuous Benchmarking.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Purpose">Purpose</h2></div>

<p>As <a href="Computer_architecture" title="Computer architecture">computer architecture</a> advanced, it became more difficult to compare the performance of various computer systems simply by looking at their specifications. Therefore, tests were developed that allowed comparison of different architectures. For example, <a href="Pentium_4" title="Pentium 4">Pentium 4</a> processors generally operated at a higher clock frequency than <a href="Athlon_XP" class="mw-redirect" title="Athlon XP">Athlon XP</a> or <a href="PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a> processors, which did not necessarily translate to more computational power; a processor with a slower clock frequency might perform as well as or even better than a processor operating at a higher frequency. See <a href="BogoMips" title="BogoMips">BogoMips</a> and the <a href="Megahertz_myth" title="Megahertz myth">megahertz myth</a>.

</p><p>Benchmarks are designed to mimic a particular type of workload on a component or system. Synthetic benchmarks do this by specially created programs that impose the workload on the component. Application benchmarks run real-world programs on the system. While application benchmarks usually give a much better measure of real-world performance on a given system, synthetic benchmarks are useful for testing individual components, like a <a href="Hard_disk" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard disk">hard disk</a> or networking device.

</p><p>Benchmarks are particularly important in <a href="CPU_design" class="mw-redirect" title="CPU design">CPU design</a>, giving processor architects the ability to measure and make tradeoffs in <a href="Microarchitecture" title="Microarchitecture">microarchitectural</a> decisions. For example, if a benchmark extracts the key <a href="Algorithms" class="mw-redirect" title="Algorithms">algorithms</a> of an application, it will contain the performance-sensitive aspects of that application. Running this much smaller snippet on a cycle-accurate simulator can give clues on how to improve performance.

</p><p>Prior to 2000, computer and microprocessor architects used <a href="SPEC" class="mw-redirect" title="SPEC">SPEC</a> to do this, although SPEC's Unix-based benchmarks were quite lengthy and thus unwieldy to use intact.

</p><p>Computer companies are known to configure their systems to give unrealistically high performance on benchmark tests that are not replicated in real usage. For instance, during the 1980s some compilers could detect a specific mathematical operation used in a well-known floating-point benchmark and replace the operation with a faster mathematically equivalent operation. However, such a transformation was rarely useful outside the benchmark until the mid-1990s, when <a href="RISC" class="mw-redirect" title="RISC">RISC</a> and <a href="VLIW" class="mw-redirect" title="VLIW">VLIW</a> architectures emphasized the importance of <a href="Compiler" title="Compiler">compiler</a> technology as it related to performance. Benchmarks are now regularly used by <a href="Compiler" title="Compiler">compiler</a> companies to improve not only their own benchmark scores, but real application performance.

</p><p>CPUs that have many execution units — such as a <a href="Superscalar" class="mw-redirect" title="Superscalar">superscalar</a> CPU, a <a href="VLIW" class="mw-redirect" title="VLIW">VLIW</a> CPU, or a <a href="Reconfigurable_computing" title="Reconfigurable computing">reconfigurable computing</a> CPU — typically have slower clock rates than a sequential CPU with one or two execution units when built from transistors that are just as fast. Nevertheless, CPUs with many execution units often complete real-world and benchmark tasks in less time than the supposedly faster high-clock-rate CPU.

</p><p>Given the large number of benchmarks available, a vendor can usually find at least one benchmark that shows its system will outperform another system; the other systems can be shown to excel with a different benchmark.

</p><p>Software vendors also use benchmarks in their marketing, such as the "benchmark wars" between rival <a href="Relational_database" title="Relational database">relational database</a> makers in the 1980s and 1990s. Companies commonly report only those benchmarks (or aspects of benchmarks) that show their products in the best light. They also have been known to mis-represent the significance of benchmarks, again to show their products in the best possible light.<sup id="cite_ref-rdbmsinformix20070612_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rdbmsinformix20070612-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rdbmsingressybase20070613_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rdbmsingressybase20070613-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Ideally benchmarks should only substitute for real applications if the application is unavailable, or too difficult or costly to port to a specific processor or computer system. If performance is critical, the only benchmark that matters is the target environment's application suite.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Functionality">Functionality</h2></div>

<p>Features of benchmarking software may include recording/<a href="Data_export" class="mw-redirect" title="Data export">exporting</a> the course of performance to a <a href="Spreadsheet" title="Spreadsheet">spreadsheet</a> file, visualization such as drawing <a href="Line_graph" title="Line graph">line graphs</a> or <a href="Color-coded" class="mw-redirect" title="Color-coded">color-coded</a> tiles, and pausing the process to be able to resume without having to start over. Software can have additional features specific to its purpose, for example, disk benchmarking software may be able to optionally start measuring the disk speed within a specified range of the disk rather than the full disk, measure <a href="Random_access" title="Random access">random access</a> reading speed and <a href="Latency_(engineering)" title="Latency (engineering)">latency</a>, have a "quick scan" feature which measures the speed through samples of specified intervals and sizes, and allow specifying a <a href="Block_(data_storage)" title="Block (data storage)">data block</a> size, meaning the number of requested bytes per read request.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Challenges">Challenges</h2></div>

<p>Benchmarking is not easy and often involves several iterative rounds in order to arrive at predictable, useful conclusions. Interpretation of benchmarking data is also extraordinarily difficult. Here is a partial list of common challenges:

</p>

<ul><li>Vendors tend to tune their products specifically for industry-standard benchmarks. Norton SysInfo (SI) is particularly easy to tune for, since it mainly biased toward the speed of multiple operations. Use extreme caution in interpreting such results.</li>

<li>Some vendors have been accused of "cheating" at benchmarks — designing their systems such that they give much higher benchmark numbers, but are not as effective at the actual likely workload.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li>Many benchmarks focus entirely on the speed of <a href="Computer_performance" title="Computer performance">computational performance</a>, neglecting other important features of a computer system, such as:

<ul><li>Qualities of service, aside from raw performance. Examples of unmeasured qualities of service include security, availability, reliability, execution integrity, serviceability, scalability (especially the ability to quickly and nondisruptively add or reallocate capacity), etc. There are often real trade-offs between and among these qualities of service, and all are important in business computing. <a href="Transaction_Processing_Performance_Council" title="Transaction Processing Performance Council">Transaction Processing Performance Council</a> Benchmark specifications partially address these concerns by specifying <a href="ACID" title="ACID">ACID</a> property tests, database scalability rules, and service level requirements.</li>

<li>In general, benchmarks do not measure <a href="Total_cost_of_ownership" title="Total cost of ownership">Total cost of ownership</a>. Transaction Processing Performance Council Benchmark specifications partially address this concern by specifying that a price/performance metric must be reported in addition to a raw performance metric, using a simplified <a href="Total_cost_of_ownership" title="Total cost of ownership">TCO</a> formula. However, the costs are necessarily only partial, and vendors have been known to price specifically (and only) for the benchmark, designing a highly specific "benchmark special" configuration with an artificially low price. Even a tiny deviation from the benchmark package results in a much higher price in real world experience.</li>

<li>Facilities burden (space, power, and cooling). When more power is used, a portable system will have a shorter battery life and require recharging more often. A server that consumes more power and/or space may not be able to fit within existing data center resource constraints, including cooling limitations. There are real trade-offs as most semiconductors require more power to switch faster. See also <a href="Performance_per_watt" title="Performance per watt">performance per watt</a>.</li>

<li>In some embedded systems, where memory is a significant cost, better <a href="Code_density" class="mw-redirect" title="Code density">code density</a> can significantly reduce costs.</li></ul></li>

<li>Vendor benchmarks tend to ignore requirements for development, test, and <a href="IT_disaster_recovery" title="IT disaster recovery">disaster recovery</a> computing capacity. Vendors only like to report what might be narrowly required for production capacity in order to make their initial acquisition price seem as low as possible.</li>

<li>Benchmarks are having trouble adapting to widely distributed servers, particularly those with extra sensitivity to network topologies. The emergence of <a href="Grid_computing" title="Grid computing">grid computing</a>, in particular, complicates benchmarking since some workloads are "grid friendly", while others are not.</li>

<li>Users can have very different perceptions of performance than benchmarks may suggest. In particular, users appreciate predictability — servers that always meet or exceed <a href="Service_level_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Service level agreement">service level agreements</a>. Benchmarks tend to emphasize mean scores (IT perspective), rather than maximum worst-case response times (<a href="Real-time_computing" title="Real-time computing">real-time computing</a> perspective), or low standard deviations (user perspective).</li>

<li>Many server architectures degrade dramatically at high (near 100%) levels of usage — "fall off a cliff" — and benchmarks should (but often do not) take that factor into account. Vendors, in particular, tend to publish server benchmarks at continuous at about 80% usage — an unrealistic situation — and do not document what happens to the overall system when demand spikes beyond that level.</li>

<li>Many benchmarks focus on one application, or even one application tier, to the exclusion of other applications. Most data centers are now implementing <a href="Hardware_virtualization" title="Hardware virtualization">virtualization</a> extensively for a variety of reasons, and benchmarking is still catching up to that reality where multiple applications and application tiers are concurrently running on consolidated servers.</li>

<li>There are few (if any) high quality benchmarks that help measure the performance of batch computing, especially high volume concurrent batch and online computing. <a href="Batch_computing" class="mw-redirect" title="Batch computing">Batch computing</a> tends to be much more focused on the predictability of completing long-running tasks correctly before deadlines, such as end of month or end of fiscal year. Many important core business processes are batch-oriented and probably always will be, such as billing.</li>

<li>Benchmarking institutions often disregard or do not follow basic scientific method. This includes, but is not limited to: small sample size, lack of variable control, and the limited repeatability of results.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Benchmarking_principles">Benchmarking principles</h2></div>

<p>There are seven vital characteristics for benchmarks.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These key properties are:

</p>

<ol><li>Relevance: Benchmarks should measure relatively vital features.</li>

<li>Representativeness: Benchmark performance metrics should be broadly accepted by industry and academia.</li>

<li>Equity: All systems should be fairly compared.</li>

<li>Repeatability: Benchmark results can be verified.</li>

<li>Cost-effectiveness: Benchmark tests are economical.</li>

<li>Scalability: Benchmark tests should work across systems possessing a range of resources from low to high.</li>

<li>Transparency: Benchmark metrics should be easy to understand.</li></ol>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_benchmark">Types of benchmark</h2></div>

<ol><li>Real program

<ul><li>word processing software</li>

<li>tool software of CAD</li>

<li>user's application software (i.e.: MIS)</li>

<li><a href="Video_game" title="Video game">Video games</a></li>

<li><a href="Compiler" title="Compiler">Compilers</a> building a large project, for example <a href="Chromium_(browser)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromium (browser)">Chromium browser</a> or <a href="Linux_kernel" title="Linux kernel">Linux kernel</a></li></ul></li>

<li>Component Benchmark / Microbenchmark

<ul><li>core routine consists of a relatively small and specific piece of code.</li>

<li>measure performance of a computer's basic components<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li>may be used for automatic detection of computer's hardware parameters like number of registers, <a href="Cache_(computing)" title="Cache (computing)">cache</a> size, <a href="Memory_latency" title="Memory latency">memory latency</a>, etc.</li></ul></li>

<li>Kernel

<ul><li>contains key codes</li>

<li>normally abstracted from actual program</li>

<li>popular kernel: Livermore loop</li>

<li>linpack benchmark (contains basic linear algebra subroutine written in FORTRAN language)</li>

<li>results are represented in Mflop/s.</li></ul></li>

<li>Synthetic Benchmark

<ul><li>Procedure for programming synthetic benchmark:

<ul><li>take statistics of all types of operations from many application programs</li>

<li>get proportion of each operation</li>

<li>write program based on the proportion above</li></ul></li>

<li>Types of Synthetic Benchmark are:

<ul><li><a href="Whetstone_(benchmark)" title="Whetstone (benchmark)">Whetstone</a></li>

<li><a href="Dhrystone" title="Dhrystone">Dhrystone</a></li></ul></li>

<li>These were the first general purpose industry standard computer benchmarks. They do not necessarily obtain high scores on modern pipelined computers.</li></ul></li>

<li>I/O benchmarks</li>

<li>Database benchmarks

<ul><li>measure the throughput and response times of database management systems (DBMS)</li></ul></li>

<li>Parallel benchmarks

<ul><li>used on machines with multiple cores and/or processors, or systems consisting of multiple machines</li></ul></li></ol>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Common_benchmarks">Common benchmarks</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industry_standard_(audited_and_verifiable)">Industry standard (audited and verifiable)</h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="EEMBC" title="EEMBC">Embedded Microprocessor Benchmark Consortium (EEMBC)</a></li>

<li><a href="Standard_Performance_Evaluation_Corporation" title="Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation">Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation</a> (SPEC), in particular their <a href="SPECint" title="SPECint">SPECint</a> and <a href="SPECfp" title="SPECfp">SPECfp</a></li>

<li><a href="Transaction_Processing_Performance_Council" title="Transaction Processing Performance Council">Transaction Processing Performance Council</a> (TPC): DBMS benchmarks<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Open_source_benchmarks">Open source benchmarks</h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="AIM_Multiuser_Benchmark" title="AIM Multiuser Benchmark">AIM Multiuser Benchmark</a> – composed of a list of tests that could be mixed to create a 'load mix' that would simulate a specific computer function on any UNIX-type OS.</li>

<li><a href="Bonnie%2B%2B" title="Bonnie++">Bonnie++</a> – filesystem and hard drive benchmark</li>

<li><a href="BRL-CAD" title="BRL-CAD">BRL-CAD</a> – cross-platform architecture-agnostic benchmark suite based on multithreaded ray tracing performance; baselined against a VAX-11/780; and used since 1984 for evaluating relative CPU performance, compiler differences, optimization levels, coherency, architecture differences, and operating system differences.</li>

<li><a href="Collective_Knowledge_(software)" title="Collective Knowledge (software)">Collective Knowledge</a> – customizable, cross-platform framework to crowdsource benchmarking and optimization of user workloads (such as <a href="Deep_learning" title="Deep learning">deep learning</a>) across hardware provided by volunteers</li>

<li><a href="Coremark" title="Coremark">Coremark</a> – Embedded computing benchmark</li>

<li><a href="DEISA_Benchmark_Suite" class="mw-redirect" title="DEISA Benchmark Suite">DEISA Benchmark Suite</a> – scientific HPC applications benchmark</li>

<li><a href="Dhrystone" title="Dhrystone">Dhrystone</a> – integer arithmetic performance, often reported in DMIPS (Dhrystone millions of instructions per second)</li>

<li><a href="DiskSpd" title="DiskSpd">DiskSpd</a> – <a href="Command-line_tool" class="mw-redirect" title="Command-line tool">Command-line tool</a> for storage benchmarking that generates a variety of requests against <a href="Computer_file" title="Computer file">computer files</a>, <a href="Disk_partitioning" title="Disk partitioning">partitions</a> or <a href="Computer_data_storage" title="Computer data storage">storage devices</a></li>

<li><a href="Fhourstones" title="Fhourstones">Fhourstones</a> – an integer benchmark</li>

<li><a href="Hierarchical_INTegration" title="Hierarchical INTegration">HINT</a> – designed to measure overall CPU and memory performance</li>

<li><a href="Iometer" title="Iometer">Iometer</a> – I/O subsystem measurement and characterization tool for single and clustered systems.</li>

<li><a href="IOzone" title="IOzone">IOzone</a> – Filesystem benchmark</li>

<li><a href="LINPACK_benchmarks" title="LINPACK benchmarks">LINPACK benchmarks</a> – traditionally used to measure <a href="FLOPS" class="mw-redirect" title="FLOPS">FLOPS</a></li>

<li><a href="Livermore_loops" title="Livermore loops">Livermore loops</a></li>

<li><a href="NAS_benchmarks" class="mw-redirect" title="NAS benchmarks">NAS parallel benchmarks</a></li>

<li><a href="NBench" title="NBench">NBench</a> – synthetic benchmark suite measuring performance of integer arithmetic, memory operations, and floating-point arithmetic</li>

<li>PAL – a benchmark for realtime physics engines</li>

<li><a href="PerfKitBenchmarker" title="PerfKitBenchmarker">PerfKitBenchmarker</a> – A set of benchmarks to measure and compare cloud offerings.</li>

<li><a href="Phoronix_Test_Suite" title="Phoronix Test Suite">Phoronix Test Suite</a> – open-source cross-platform benchmarking suite for Linux, OpenSolaris, FreeBSD, OSX and Windows. It includes a number of other benchmarks included on this page to simplify execution.</li>

<li><a href="POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray">POV-Ray</a> – 3D render</li>

<li><a href="Tak_(function)" title="Tak (function)">Tak (function)</a> – a simple benchmark used to test recursion performance</li>

<li><a href="TATP_Benchmark" title="TATP Benchmark">TATP Benchmark</a> – Telecommunication Application Transaction Processing Benchmark</li>

<li><a href="TPoX" class="mw-redirect" title="TPoX">TPoX</a> – An XML transaction processing benchmark for XML databases</li>

<li><a href="VAX_Unit_of_Performance" title="VAX Unit of Performance">VUP</a> (VAX unit of performance) – also called VAX <a href="Instructions_per_second" title="Instructions per second">MIPS</a></li>

<li><a href="Whetstone_(benchmark)" title="Whetstone (benchmark)">Whetstone</a> – floating-point arithmetic performance, often reported in millions of Whetstone instructions per second (MWIPS)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Microsoft_Windows_benchmarks">Microsoft Windows benchmarks</h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="CrystalDiskMark" title="CrystalDiskMark">CrystalDiskMark</a></li>

<li><a href="Futuremark" title="Futuremark">Underwriters Laboratories (UL)</a>: <a href="3DMark" title="3DMark">3DMark</a>, <a href="PCMark" title="PCMark">PCMark</a></li>

<li><a href="Heaven_Benchmark" title="Heaven Benchmark">Heaven Benchmark</a></li>

<li><a href="PiFast" class="mw-redirect" title="PiFast">PiFast</a></li>

<li><a href="Superposition_Benchmark" title="Superposition Benchmark">Superposition Benchmark</a></li>

<li><a href="Super_PI" title="Super PI">Super PI</a></li>

<li><a href="SuperPrime" title="SuperPrime">SuperPrime</a></li>

<li><a href="Whetstone_(benchmark)" title="Whetstone (benchmark)">Whetstone</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_System_Assessment_Tool" title="Windows System Assessment Tool">Windows System Assessment Tool</a>, included with Windows Vista and later releases, providing an index for consumers to rate their systems easily</li>

<li><a href="Worldbench" class="mw-redirect" title="Worldbench">Worldbench</a> (discontinued)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unusual_benchmark">Unusual benchmark</h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Will_Smith_Eating_Spaghetti_test" title="Will Smith Eating Spaghetti test">Will Smith Eating Spaghetti test</a> - an informal test to determine the capabilities of <a href="Text-to-video" class="mw-redirect" title="Text-to-video">text-to-video</a> models.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Others">Others</h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="AnTuTu" title="AnTuTu">AnTuTu</a> – commonly used on phones and ARM-based devices.</li>

<li><a href="Byte_Sieve" title="Byte Sieve">Byte Sieve</a> - originally tested language performance, but widely used as a machine benchmark as well.</li>

<li><a href="Creative_Computing_Benchmark" title="Creative Computing Benchmark">Creative Computing Benchmark</a> – Compares the <a href="BASIC" title="BASIC">BASIC</a> programming language on various platforms. Introduced in 1983.</li>

<li><a href="Geekbench" title="Geekbench">Geekbench</a> – A cross-platform benchmark for Windows, Linux, macOS, iOS and Android.</li>

<li><a href="ICOMP_(index)" title="ICOMP (index)">iCOMP</a> – the Intel comparative microprocessor performance, published by Intel</li>

<li><a href="Khornerstone" title="Khornerstone">Khornerstone</a></li>

<li><a href="Novabench" title="Novabench">Novabench</a> - a computer benchmarking utility for Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux</li>

<li><a href="Performance_Rating" title="Performance Rating">Performance Rating</a> – modeling scheme used by AMD and Cyrix to reflect the relative performance usually compared to competing products.</li>

<li><a href="Rugg/Feldman_benchmarks" title="Rugg/Feldman benchmarks">Rugg/Feldman benchmarks</a> - one of the earliest microcomputer benchmarks, from 1977.</li>

<li><a href="SunSpider_JavaScript_Benchmark" class="mw-redirect" title="SunSpider JavaScript Benchmark">SunSpider</a> – a browser speed test</li>

<li><a href="UserBenchmark" title="UserBenchmark">UserBenchmark</a> - PC benchmark utility</li>

<li><a href="VMmark" title="VMmark">VMmark</a> – a virtualization benchmark suite.</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Benchmarking" title="Benchmarking">Benchmarking</a> (business perspective)</li>

<li><a href="Figure_of_merit" title="Figure of merit">Figure of merit</a></li>

<li><a href="Lossless_compression_benchmarks" class="mw-redirect" title="Lossless compression benchmarks">Lossless compression benchmarks</a></li>

<li><a href="Performance_Counter_Monitor" class="mw-redirect" title="Performance Counter Monitor">Performance Counter Monitor</a></li>

<li><a href="Test_suite" title="Test suite">Test suite</a> – a collection of test cases intended to show that a software program has some specified set of behaviors</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFFlemingWallace1986" class="citation journal cs1">Fleming, Philip J.; Wallace, John J. (1986-03-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F5666.5673">"How not to lie with statistics: the correct way to summarize benchmark results"</a>. <i>Communications of the ACM</i>. <b>29</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">218–</span>221. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F5666.5673">10.1145/5666.5673</a></span>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0001-0782">0001-0782</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:1047380">1047380</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGrambowLehmannBermbach2019" class="citation conference cs1">Grambow, Martin; Lehmann, Fabian; Bermbach, David (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333918034">"Continuous Benchmarking: Using System Benchmarking in Build Pipelines"</a>. <i>2019 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E)</i>. pp. <span class="nowrap">241–</span>246. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FIC2E.2019.00039">10.1109/IC2E.2019.00039</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-7281-0218-4</bdi><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-03</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-rdbmsinformix20070612-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rdbmsinformix20070612_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation interview cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/access/text/2013/05/102702566-05-01-acc.pdf">"RDBMS Workshop: Informix"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Interview). Interviewed by Luanne Johnson. Computer History Museum. 2007-06-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-05-30</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-rdbmsingressybase20070613-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rdbmsingressybase20070613_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation interview cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/access/text/2013/05/102702565-05-01-acc.pdf">"RDBMS Workshop: Ingres and Sybase"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Interview). Interviewed by Doug Jerger. Computer History Museum. 2007-06-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-05-30</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Software: HDDScan, GNOME Disks</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKrazit2003" class="citation news cs1">Krazit, Tom (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110606032058/http://www.pcworld.com/article/111012/nvidias_benchmark_tactics_reassessed.html">"NVidia's Benchmark Tactics Reassessed"</a>. <i>IDG News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcworld.com/article/111012/nvidias_benchmark_tactics_reassessed.html">the original</a> on 2011-06-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-08-08</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCastor2006" class="citation web cs1">Castor, Kevin (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080205031133/http://www.donutey.com/hardwaretesting.php">"Hardware Testing and Benchmarking Methodology"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://donutey.com/hardwaretesting.php">the original</a> on 2008-02-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-02-24</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDaiBerleant2019" class="citation conference cs1">Dai, Wei; Berleant, Daniel (December 12–14, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dberleant.github.io/papers/BenchmarkingContemporaryDeepLearningHardwareAndFrameworks.pdf">"Benchmarking Contemporary Deep Learning Hardware and Frameworks: a Survey of Qualitative Metrics"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>2019 IEEE First International Conference on Cognitive Machine Intelligence (CogMI)</i>. Los Angeles, CA, USA: IEEE. pp. <span class="nowrap">148–</span>155. <a href="ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.03626">1907.03626</a></span>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FCogMI48466.2019.00029">10.1109/CogMI48466.2019.00029</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFEhliarLiu" class="citation journal cs1">Ehliar, Andreas; Liu, Dake. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.da.isy.liu.se/pubs/ehliar/ehliar-ssocc2004.pdf">"Benchmarking network processors"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite journal}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (help)</span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTransaction_Processing_Performance_Council1998" class="citation web cs1">Transaction Processing Performance Council (February 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tpc.org/information/about/history.asp">"History and Overview of the TPC"</a>. <i>TPC</i>. <a href="Transaction_Processing_Performance_Council" title="Transaction Processing Performance Council">Transaction Processing Performance Council</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-07-02</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFGray1993" class="citation book cs1">Gray, Jim, ed. (1993). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/benchmarkhandboo00jimg"><i>The Benchmark Handbook for Database and Transaction Systems</i></a></span>. Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems (2nd ed.). Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>1-55860-292-5</bdi>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFScalzoKlineFernandezBurleson2007" class="citation book cs1">Scalzo, Bert; Kline, Kevin; Fernandez, Claudia; Burleson, Donald K.; <a href="Mike_Ault" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Ault">Ault, Mike</a> (2007). <i>Database Benchmarking Practical Methods for Oracle & SQL Server</i>. Rampant TechPress. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-9776715-3-3</bdi>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFNambiarPoess2009" class="citation book cs1">Nambiar, Raghunath; Poess, Meikel, eds. (2009). <i>Performance Evaluation and Benchmarking</i>. Springer. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-642-10423-7</bdi>.</cite></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFLewisCrews1985" class="citation journal cs1">Lewis, Byron C.; Crews, Albert E. (1985). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/249270">"The Evolution of Benchmarking as a Computer Performance Evaluation Technique"</a></span>. <i>MIS Quarterly</i>. <b>9</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">7–</span>16. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F249270">10.2307/249270</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0276-7783">0276-7783</a>. <a href="JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/249270">249270</a>.</cite> The dates: 1962-1976</li></ul>

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</style><div id="Software_testing107" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Software_testing" title="Software testing">Software testing</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Test levels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Acceptance_testing" title="Acceptance testing">Acceptance testing</a></li>

<li><a href="System_integration_testing" title="System integration testing">System integration testing</a></li>

<li><a href="System_testing" title="System testing">System testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Integration_testing" title="Integration testing">Integration testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Unit_testing" title="Unit testing">Unit testing</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Test types,<br>techniques,<br><a href="Software_testing_tactics" title="Software testing tactics">tactics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="A/B_testing" title="A/B testing">A/B testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Compatibility_testing" title="Compatibility testing">Compatibility testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Concolic_testing" title="Concolic testing">Concolic testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Concurrent_testing" title="Concurrent testing">Concurrent testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Conformance_testing" title="Conformance testing">Conformance testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Continuous_testing" title="Continuous testing">Continuous testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Destructive_testing" title="Destructive testing">Destructive testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Development_testing" title="Development testing">Development testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Differential_testing" title="Differential testing">Differential testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Dynamic_program_analysis" title="Dynamic program analysis">Dynamic program analysis</a></li>

<li><a href="Installation_testing" title="Installation testing">Installation testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Negative_testing" title="Negative testing">Negative testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Random_testing" title="Random testing">Random testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Regression_testing" title="Regression testing">Regression testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Security_testing" title="Security testing">Security testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Smoke_testing_(software)" title="Smoke testing (software)">Smoke testing (software)</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_performance_testing" title="Software performance testing">Software performance testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Stress_testing_(software)" title="Stress testing (software)">Stress testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Symbolic_execution" title="Symbolic execution">Symbolic execution</a></li>

<li><a href="Test_automation" title="Test automation">Test automation</a></li>

<li><a href="Usability_testing" title="Usability testing">Usability testing</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">[x]-box<br>style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Black-box_testing" title="Black-box testing">Black-box testing</a>

<ul><li><a href="All-pairs_testing" title="All-pairs testing">All-pairs testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Exploratory_testing" title="Exploratory testing">Exploratory testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Fuzz_testing" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuzz testing">Fuzz testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Model-based_testing" title="Model-based testing">Model-based testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Scenario_testing" title="Scenario testing">Scenario testing</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Grey-box_testing" class="mw-redirect" title="Grey-box testing">Grey-box testing</a></li>

<li><a href="White-box_testing" title="White-box testing">White-box testing</a>

<ul><li><a href="API_testing" title="API testing">API testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Mutation_testing" title="Mutation testing">Mutation testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Static_testing" class="mw-redirect" title="Static testing">Static testing</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Graphical_user_interface_testing" title="Graphical user interface testing">Graphical user interface testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Manual_testing" title="Manual testing">Manual testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Orthogonal_array_testing" title="Orthogonal array testing">Orthogonal array testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Pair_testing" title="Pair testing">Pair testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Soak_testing" title="Soak testing">Soak testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_reliability_testing" title="Software reliability testing">Software reliability testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Stress_testing" title="Stress testing">Stress testing</a></li>

<li><a href="Web_testing" title="Web testing">Web testing</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Processing_benchmarks159" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Processing_benchmarks159" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Processing </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Free_software" title="Free software">Free software</a></li>

<li><a href="Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary software</a></li>

<li><a href="Performance_per_watt" title="Performance per watt">Performance per watt</a></li>

<li><a href="Data_center_infrastructure_efficiency" title="Data center infrastructure efficiency">Data center infrastructure efficiency</a></li>

<li><a href="Giga-updates_per_second" title="Giga-updates per second">Giga-updates per second</a> (memory)</li>

<li><a href="CPU_power_dissipation" class="mw-redirect" title="CPU power dissipation">CPU power dissipation</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="EEMBC" title="EEMBC">EEMBC</a></li>

<li><a href="Futuremark" title="Futuremark">Futuremark</a></li>

<li><a href="Standard_Performance_Evaluation_Corporation" title="Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation">Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation</a> (SPEC)</li>

<li><a href="Transaction_Processing_Performance_Council" title="Transaction Processing Performance Council">Transaction Processing Performance Council</a> (TPC)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Processor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Floating-point_unit" title="Floating-point unit">Floating-point unit</a> (<a href="FLOPS" class="mw-redirect" title="FLOPS">FLOPS</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="SPECfp" title="SPECfp">SPECfp</a></li>

<li><a href="LINPACK_benchmarks" title="LINPACK benchmarks">LINPACK</a></li>

<li><a href="LAPACK" title="LAPACK">LAPACK</a></li>

<li><a href="Prime95" title="Prime95">Prime95</a></li>

<li><a href="Super_PI" title="Super PI">Super PI</a></li>

<li><a href="SuperPrime" title="SuperPrime">SuperPrime</a></li>

<li><a href="Whetstone_(benchmark)" title="Whetstone (benchmark)">Whetstone</a></li>

<li><a href="IBM_iSeries_benchmarks" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM iSeries benchmarks">IBM iSeries benchmarks</a> (Computational Intensive Workload)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Integer" title="Integer">Integer</a> (<a href="Arithmetic_logic_unit" title="Arithmetic logic unit">ALU</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Dhrystone" title="Dhrystone">Dhrystone</a></li>

<li><a href="Fhourstones" title="Fhourstones">Fhourstones</a></li>

<li><a href="SPECint" title="SPECint">SPECint</a></li>

<li><a href="CoreMark" class="mw-redirect" title="CoreMark">CoreMark</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Digital_signal_processor" title="Digital signal processor">Digital signal processor</a> (DSP)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Graphics_processing_unit" title="Graphics processing unit">Graphics processing unit</a> (GPU)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Parallel_computing" title="Parallel computing">Parallel computing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="DEISA_Benchmark_Suite" class="mw-redirect" title="DEISA Benchmark Suite">DEISA Benchmark Suite</a></li>

<li><a href="Livermore_loops" title="Livermore loops">Livermore loops</a></li>

<li><a href="NAS_Parallel_Benchmarks" title="NAS Parallel Benchmarks">NAS Parallel Benchmarks</a></li>

<li><a href="HPC_Challenge_Benchmark" title="HPC Challenge Benchmark">HPC Challenge Benchmark</a></li>

<li><a href="Princeton_Application_Repository_for_Shared-Memory_Computers" title="Princeton Application Repository for Shared-Memory Computers">Princeton Application Repository for Shared-Memory Computers</a> (PARSEC)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Peripherals" class="mw-redirect" title="Peripherals">Peripherals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Computer_network" title="Computer network">Network</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>BreakingPoint Systems</li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Filesystems" class="mw-redirect" title="Filesystems">Filesystems</a> and storage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Bonnie%2B%2B" title="Bonnie++">Bonnie++</a></li>

<li><a href="IOzone" title="IOzone">IOzone</a></li>

<li><a href="Diskspd" class="mw-redirect" title="Diskspd">Diskspd</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Computer_memory" title="Computer memory">Computer memory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>BSS Random Access benchmark</li>

<li><a href="HPC_Challenge_Benchmark" title="HPC Challenge Benchmark">HPC Challenge Random Memory Access</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Input/output" title="Input/output">Input/output</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Iometer" title="Iometer">Iometer</a></li>

<li>Ioblazer</li>

<li><a href="IBM_iSeries_benchmarks" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM iSeries benchmarks">IBM iSeries benchmarks</a> (Commercial Processing Workload)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Computer system (entire)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Hierarchical_INTegration" title="Hierarchical INTegration">Hierarchical INTegration</a> (HINT)</li>

<li><a href="NBench" title="NBench">NBench</a> (CPU, memory)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Energy consumption</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Average_CPU_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Average CPU power">Average CPU power</a> (<a href="X86" title="X86">x86</a>)</li>

<li><a href="EEMBC" title="EEMBC">EEMBC</a> (<a href="Embedded_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Embedded systems">embedded systems</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Data_center_infrastructure_efficiency" title="Data center infrastructure efficiency">Data center infrastructure efficiency</a></li>

<li><a href="SPECpower" title="SPECpower">SPECpower</a> (<a href="Java_(software_platform)" title="Java (software platform)">Java</a> software)</li>

<li><a href="Server_Efficiency_Rating_Tool" title="Server Efficiency Rating Tool">Server Efficiency Rating Tool</a> (SERT)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> engine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Browser_speed_test" class="mw-redirect" title="Browser speed test">Browser speed test</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Cryptography" title="Cryptography">Cryptography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cycles_per_byte" class="mw-redirect" title="Cycles per byte">Cycles per byte</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Multiuser" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiuser">Multiuser</a> system</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="AIM_Multiuser_Benchmark" title="AIM Multiuser Benchmark">AIM Multiuser Benchmark</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Virtual_machine" title="Virtual machine">Virtual machine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="VMmark" title="VMmark">VMmark</a></li>

<li><a href="SPECvirt" title="SPECvirt">SPECvirt</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Recursion" title="Recursion">Recursion</a> performance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Tak_(function)" title="Tak (function)">Tak (function)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Database_transaction" title="Database transaction">Database transactions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="TATP_Benchmark" title="TATP Benchmark">TATP Benchmark</a></li>

<li><a href="Transaction_Processing_over_XML" title="Transaction Processing over XML">Transaction Processing over XML</a> (TPoX)</li>

<li><a href="YCSB" title="YCSB">YCSB</a> (<a href="NoSQL" title="NoSQL">NoSQL</a>)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Web_server_benchmarking" title="Web server benchmarking">Web server benchmarking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Apache_JMeter" title="Apache JMeter">Apache JMeter</a></li>

<li><a href="Curl-loader" title="Curl-loader">Curl-loader</a></li>

<li><a href="Httperf" title="Httperf">httperf</a></li>

<li><a href="OpenSTA" title="OpenSTA">OpenSTA</a></li>

<li><a href="Tsung" title="Tsung">Tsung</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Platform specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Adjusted_Peak_Performance" title="Adjusted Peak Performance">Adjusted Peak Performance</a> (<a href="Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">Nuclear weapon</a> simulation)</li>

<li><a href="AnTuTu" title="AnTuTu">AnTuTu</a> (<a href="ARM_architecture_family" title="ARM architecture family">ARM</a>)</li>

<li><a href="BogoMips" title="BogoMips">BogoMips</a> (<a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Coremark" title="Coremark">Coremark</a> (<a href="Embedded_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Embedded systems">embedded systems</a>)</li>

<li><a href="ICOMP_(index)" title="ICOMP (index)">iCOMP (index)</a> (Intel)</li>

<li><a href="Novabench" title="Novabench">Novabench</a> (Windows and <a href="MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Phoronix_Test_Suite" title="Phoronix Test Suite">Phoronix Test Suite</a> (Linux)</li>

<li><a href="Performance_Rating" title="Performance Rating">Performance Rating</a> (AMD)</li>

<li><a href="Sysinfo" title="Sysinfo">Sysinfo</a> & <a href="SysSpeed" class="mw-redirect" title="SysSpeed">SysSpeed</a> (<a href="Motorola_68k" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorola 68k">Motorola 68k</a>)</li>

<li><a href="WorldBench" title="WorldBench">WorldBench</a> (Windows)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-31" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Benchmark_(computing)&oldid=1303527907">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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